1 What is
1.1 Life Span
1.2 Type
1.3 Origin
Europe, Western Asia
America, Europe
1.4 Types
Euonymus fortunei, Euonymus alatus, Euonymus europaeus
Clump verbena, Moss verbena, Annual Verbena, Brazilian verbena, Sandpaper Verbana
1.4.1 Number of Varieties
1.5 Habitat
Dappled Shade, Shady Edge, Sunny Edge, Woodland Garden
Forest edges, Hillside, Woods
1.6 USDA Hardiness Zone
1.7 AHS Heat Zone
1.8 Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16
not available
1.9 Habit
Upright/Erect
Not Available
2 Information
2.1 Plant Size
2.1.1 Minimum Height
370.00 cm6.56 cm
0.54
3900
2.1.2 Minimum Width
900.00 cm10.50 cm
0.1
6350
2.2 Plant Color
2.2.1 Flower Color
Yellow green
Blue, Dark Purple, Light Purple, Red, White
2.2.2 Flower Color Modifier
Not Available
Not Available
2.2.3 Fruit Color
Pink, Purple, Red
Not Available
2.2.4 Leaf Color in Spring
2.2.5 Leaf Color in Summer
2.2.6 Leaf Color in Fall
2.2.7 Leaf Color in Winter
Not Available
Not Available
2.3 Shape
2.3.1 Leaf Shape
Lanceolate to elliptical
Oblovate
2.4 Thorns
3 Season
3.1 Plant Season
Fall
Early Spring, Late Autumn
3.2 Growing Conditions
3.2.1 Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial shade
3.2.2 Growth Rate
3.2.3 Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Well drained
3.2.4 The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Slightly Acidic
3.2.5 Soil Drainage
3.2.6 Bloom Time
Late Spring
Early Fall, Early Summer, Fall, Late Spring, Late Summer, Summer
3.2.7 Repeat Bloomer
3.3 Tolerances
4 Care
4.1 Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Container, Ground
4.2 How to Plant?
Cuttings, Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
4.3 Plant Maintenance
4.4 Watering Plants
4.4.1 Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water
Do not water frequently, Medium, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
4.4.2 In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
4.4.3 In Spring
4.4.4 In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
4.5 Soil
4.5.1 Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Slightly Acidic
4.5.2 Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Well drained
4.5.3 Soil Drainage Capacity
4.6 Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial shade
4.7 Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune lower leaves, Prune regularly, Prune to control growth
4.8 Fertilizers
organic fertlizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
4.9 Pests and Diseases
Powdery mildew, Vine weevils
Not Available
4.10 Plant Tolerance
5 Facts
5.1 Flowers
5.1.1 Flower Petal Number
5.2 Fruits
5.2.1 Showy Fruit
5.2.2 Edible Fruit
5.3 Fragrance
5.3.1 Fragrant Flower
5.3.2 Fragrant Fruit
5.3.3 Fragrant Leaf
5.3.4 Fragrant Bark/Stem
5.4 Showy Foliage
5.5 Showy Bark
5.6 Foliage Texture
5.7 Foliage Sheen
5.8 Evergreen
5.9 Invasive
5.10 Self-Sowing
5.11 Attracts
5.12 Allergy
Mild Allergen
Arthritis, Asthma, Chest Pain, Itchiness, Whooping Cough
6 Benefits
6.1 Uses
6.1.1 Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
6.1.2 Beauty Benefits
Not Available
Not Available
6.1.3 Edible Uses
6.1.4 Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
6.2 Plant Benefits
6.2.1 Medicinal Uses
Alterative, Hepatic, Laxative, Purgative, Tonic
Arthritis, Gallbladder Diseases, Itching, Jaundice, Joint pain, Kidney problems, Liver problems, Metabolic disorders, Sore throat, Upset stomach, Urinary tract problems
6.2.2 Part of Plant Used
Bark, Seeds, Wood
Flowers, Root
6.2.3 Other Uses
Edible yellow dye is obtained, Used as essential oil, Yields a volatile oil that is used in soap making
Air freshner, Can be made into a herbal tea, Cosmetics, Decoration Purposes, Economic Purpose, Employed in herbal medicine, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc., Showy Purposes, Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for flavoring in Liquors, dairy products, gelatins,puddings, meats, candies, etc., Used for fragrance
6.3 Used As Indoor Plant
6.4 Used As Outdoor Plant
6.5 Garden Design
Hedges, Screening, Wind Break
Bedding Plant, Bonsai, Container, Edible, Herb
7 Scientific Name
7.1 Botanical Name
EUONYMUS europaeus 'Aldenhamensis'
Purpletop Vervain
7.2 Common Name
Spindle Tree, Common Spindle, European Spindle
Verbena
7.2.1 In Hindi
7.2.2 In German
7.2.3 In French
7.2.4 In Spanish
Árbol del husillo
Verbena
7.2.5 In Greek
7.2.6 In Portuguese
7.2.7 In Polish
7.2.8 In Latin
8 Classification
8.1 Kingdom
8.2 Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
8.3 Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
8.4 Order
8.5 Family
8.6 Genus
8.7 Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Not Available
8.8 Tribe
8.9 Subfamily
Celastroideae
Not Available
8.10 Number of Species