Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Shrub
Shrub
Origin
United States, Southeastern United States, South-Central United States, Texas, Mexico
Europe, Western Asia
Types
-
Euonymus fortunei, Euonymus alatus, Euonymus europaeus
Number of Varieties
220
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Cultivated Beds
Dappled Shade, Shady Edge, Sunny Edge, Woodland Garden
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-114-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
11-7
7-1
Sunset Zone
H1, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16
Habit
Upright/Erect
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
90.00 cm370.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
60.00 cm900.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Magenta, Orange Red
Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
-
-
Fruit Color
Brown, Red
Pink, Purple, Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Blue Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Blue Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Blue Green
Red
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Arrowhead
Lanceolate to elliptical
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
Apply 10-10-10 amount
organic fertlizers
Pests and Diseases
-
Powdery mildew, Vine weevils
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Hummingbirds
Birds
Allergy
Toxic
Mild Allergen
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Borders
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antiemetic, Diuretic, Purgative, Tonic
Alterative, Laxative, Purgative, Tonic
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
Bark, Seeds, Wood
Other Uses
Used as a general tonic, Used as a rat poison, Used as a vegetable
Edible yellow dye is obtained, Used as essential oil, Yields a volatile oil that is used in soap making
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall, Wildflower
Hedges, Screening, Wind Break
Botanical Name
ERYTHRINA herbacea
EUONYMUS europaeus 'Aldenhamensis'
Common Name
Red cardinal, Cardinal spear
Spindle Tree, Common Spindle, European Spindle
In Hindi
Red Cardinal
Spindle Tree
In German
Red Cardinal
Spindelbaum
In French
Cardinal rouge
Spindle Arbre
In Spanish
Cárdenas
Árbol del husillo
In Greek
κόκκινο Καρδινάλιος
ατράκτου Δέντρο
In Portuguese
Cardeal vermelho
Árvore spindle
In Polish
Red Cardinal
Wrzeciono Drzewo
In Latin
Cardinalis Rubrum
Ligno colos
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fabales
Celastrales
Family
Fabaceae
Celastraceae
Genus
Erythrina
Euonymus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Phaseoleae
Euonymeae
Subfamily
Faboideae
Celastroideae
Number of Species
10150
1
27800
👆🏻