Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Tree
Origin
Europe, Russia
Eastern Asia, China
Types
Primula elatior
Candleberry tree
Number of Varieties
15
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Roadsides, sand dunes, Waste areas
Saline Soils, Upland, Upland soils
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-78-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
10-8
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H2, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Rosette/Stemless
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm60.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.00 cm600.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Light Yellow
Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Tan
White, Ivory
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Yellow, Red, Orange
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Heart-shaped
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Cold climate, Drought, Pollution, Salt
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Grafting, Seedlings, Stem Planting, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
Average Water Needs, Medium, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
fertilize in growing season, Less fertilizing, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
Slugs, Snails
Insects, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Variety of soil types
Cold climate, Drought, Salt
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Insects
-
Allergy
Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Skin irritation
Nausea, Toxic, Vomiting
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Landscape Designing
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Absorbs greenhouse gases, Absorbs huge amounts of CO2, Air purification, Amazing growth rate, Erosion control, Food for insects, Forms dense stands, Nesting sites for birds, No fertilizer, pesticides, or herbicides needed, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Soil protection, soil stabilisation, Used to establish native woodland, Very little waste, Wildlife, Windbreak
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Eczema
Boils
Part of Plant Used
Root
Fruits, Leaves, Seeds
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Employed in herbal medicine, Showy Purposes, Used as firewood, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Feature Plant, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Botanical Name
Primula elatior
TRIADICA sebifera
Common Name
Oxlip, true oxlip
Chinese Tallow
In Hindi
Oxlip
चीनी तेल
In German
Hohe Schlüsselblume
chinesisch Talg
In French
La Primevère élevée ou Primevère des bois
chinesisch Talg
In Spanish
Primula elatior
suif chinois
In Greek
δακράκι
κινέζικο ζωικό λίπος
In Portuguese
Oxlip
sebo chinesa
In Polish
Oxlip
chiński łój
In Latin
Oxlip
Chinese adipe
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Embryophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Myrtales
Malpighiales
Family
Onagraceae
Euphorbiaceae
Genus
Oenothera
Triadica
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Onagreae
Hippomaneae
Subfamily
Onagroideae
Euphorbioideae
Number of Species
145100
1
27800
👆🏻