Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Perennial, Shrub
Origin
Europe, Russia
Northwestern United States, Canada
Types
Primula elatior
sharpleaf penstemon, white-margined beardtongue, lowland beardtongue
Number of Varieties
178
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Roadsides, sand dunes, Waste areas
foothill woods, High elevation, Open areas, Rocky areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-74-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15
Habit
Rosette/Stemless
Mat-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm45.72 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.00 cm40.64 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Light Yellow
Purple
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Tan
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Narrow and lance shape
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
Needs less watering, Requires regular watering, Water occasionally
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Slugs, Snails
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Variety of soil types
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Insects
Hummingbirds, Butterflies
Allergy
Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Skin irritation
Asthma, Pollen
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Air purification, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Eczema
Recovering internal injuries, Wounds
Part of Plant Used
Root
Flowers
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Container, Used as Ornamental plant, Veterinarian uses
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Alpine, Container, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall, Wildflower
Botanical Name
Primula elatior
PENSTEMON fruticosus 'Purple Haze'
Common Name
Oxlip, true oxlip
Bush Penstemon, Shrubby Penstemon
In Hindi
Oxlip
Bush Penstemon
In German
Hohe Schlüsselblume
Bush Penstemon
In French
La Primevère élevée ou Primevère des bois
Bush Penstemon
In Spanish
Primula elatior
Bush Penstemon
In Greek
δακράκι
Μπους Penstemon
In Portuguese
Oxlip
Bush, Penstemon
In Polish
Oxlip
Bush Penstemon
In Latin
Oxlip
Persicaria Bush
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Myrtales
Scrophulariales
Family
Onagraceae
Scrophulariaceae
Genus
Oenothera
Penstemon
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Onagreae
-
Subfamily
Onagroideae
-
Number of Species
145250
1
27800
👆🏻