Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Shrub
Origin
Europe, Russia
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Canada
Types
Primula elatior
Red chokeberry, Purple chokeberry
Number of Varieties
13
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Roadsides, sand dunes, Waste areas
Anthropogenic, Boggy areas, Cliffs, Fens, Swamps, Terrestrial, Wet lands, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-73-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7
Habit
Rosette/Stemless
Thicket/Colonizing
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm182.88 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.00 cm182.88 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Light Yellow
-
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Tan
Purplish-black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
-
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
-
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
-
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Cuttings, Divison, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Prune after flowering, Remove branches that rub together, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove diseased branches by the tool's blades dipped into the alcohol solution
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
10-10-10, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply N-P-K
Pests and Diseases
Slugs, Snails
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Variety of soil types
-
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
-
Foliage Sheen
Matte
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Insects
-
Allergy
Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Skin irritation
Anaphylaxis
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Air purification, Food for birds, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Eczema
anti-cancer, Antioxidants, Cold
Part of Plant Used
Root
Fruits
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Pectin
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Foundation, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
Primula elatior
ARONIA melanocarpa
Common Name
Oxlip, true oxlip
Black Chokeberry
In Hindi
Oxlip
Black Chokeberry Shrub
In German
Hohe Schlüsselblume
Schwarz Aronia Strauch
In French
La Primevère élevée ou Primevère des bois
Noir Chokeberry Arbuste
In Spanish
Primula elatior
Chokeberry negro Arbusto
In Greek
δακράκι
Μαύρο Chokeberry θάμνων
In Portuguese
Oxlip
Chokeberry preto Arbusto
In Polish
Oxlip
Krzew aronii
In Latin
Oxlip
Lichen Frutex
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Myrtales
Rosales
Family
Onagraceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Oenothera
Aronia
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Onagreae
Maleae
Subfamily
Onagroideae
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
1453
1
27800
👆🏻