Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Flowering Plants, Herbs
Origin
Europe, Russia
-
Types
Primula elatior
-
Number of Varieties
12
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Roadsides, sand dunes, Waste areas
moist forests, Mountains
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-74-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
9-2
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
Habit
Rosette/Stemless
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm38.10 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.00 cm25.40 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Light Yellow
Purple, Pink, Lavender
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Tan
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Late Spring, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
Needs very little water
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
cut main trunk every 5 years, Prune after flowering, Prune central stem, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply 5-10-5 amounts, Compost
Pests and Diseases
Slugs, Snails
Nematodes, Red blotch, Trunk Rot
Plant Tolerance
Variety of soil types
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Insects
Butterflies, Leaf Hoppers
Allergy
Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Skin irritation
Itchiness, Sore Throat
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
Anti-ageing, Good Cleanser, Remove blemishes, Removes pimples
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Air purification, Food for animals, Food for birds, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Eczema
Cough, Haemorrhages, Laxative, Obesity, Tonic
Part of Plant Used
Root
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Added to salads, Can be boiled and seasoned, pickled, Culinary use
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Container, Cutflower, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall, Wildflower
Botanical Name
Primula elatior
Averrhoa bilimbi
Common Name
Oxlip, true oxlip
Bilimbi, Mimbro
In Hindi
Oxlip
Bilimbi
In German
Hohe Schlüsselblume
bilimbi
In French
La Primevère élevée ou Primevère des bois
bilimbi
In Spanish
Primula elatior
bilimbi
In Greek
δακράκι
bilimbi
In Portuguese
Oxlip
bilimbi
In Polish
Oxlip
bilimbi
In Latin
Oxlip
Rondo Beardtongue
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Myrtales
Oxalidales
Family
Onagraceae
Oxalidaceae
Genus
Oenothera
Averrhoa
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Onagreae
-
Subfamily
Onagroideae
-
Number of Species
14512
1
27800
👆🏻