Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants, Grass, Shrubs
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Origin
Central America, North America
Mediterranean
Types
Perennial
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
Number of Varieties
410
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Temperate Regions, tropical environments
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
USDA Hardiness Zone
7-103-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9-1
Sunset Zone
7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
60.00 cm3.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
50.00 cm1.50 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Pink, Red, White, Yellow
Blue
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Black, Green
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Egg-shaped
Oblong
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Fall, Late Summer, Mid Summer
Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Part sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loamy, Sandy
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Slightly Acidic, Slightly Alkaline
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Fall, Late Summer, Mid Summer
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do not water excessively
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Slightly Acidic, Slightly Alkaline
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loamy, Sandy
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Part sun
Pruning
Cut back old stems to the ground
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
as it is a flowering plant, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Slugs
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bees, Butterflies
Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes, small hedge
-
Beauty Benefits
Making cosmetics
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
-
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
anti-inflammatory, Aphrodisiac, Diuretic, Purgative, Vulnerary
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
Leaves, Root
Other Uses
Edible dye
Used as an ingredient in coffee
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edging, Feature Plant, Foundation, Wildflower
-
Botanical Name
Mirabilis jalapa
Cichorium intybus
Common Name
marvel of peru, four o'clock flower
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
In Hindi
Mirabilis jalapa
कासनी
In German
Wunderblume
Chicoree
In French
Belle-de-nuit
chicorée
In Spanish
Dondiego de noche
achicoria
In Greek
mirabilis Jalapa
ραδίκι
In Portuguese
Maravilha
chicória
In Polish
mirabilis Jalapa
cykoria
In Latin
mirabilis Ja-
pancratium
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Caryophyllales
Asterales
Family
Nyctaginaceae
Asteraceae
Genus
Mirabilis
Cichorium
Clade
Angiosperms, Core eudicots, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
Cichorieae
Subfamily
-
Cichorioideae
Number of Species
6085
1
27800
👆🏻