Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Herbaceous Perennial
Origin
Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Southwestern United States, Texas, Canada, Mexico
Africa, Kenya, South Africa
Types
Ratibida columnifera
Freesia
Number of Varieties
2515
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Dry areas, Prairies, Rocky areas, rocky outcrops
gardens, Grassland, Homesteads, Tropical regions, Wet forest
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-109-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
10-1
-
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
-
Habit
Upright/Erect
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm50.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.50 cm40.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Purple, Burgundy, Light Green, Brown
Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green, Gray Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green, Gray Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Light Green, Gray Green
Green, Light Yellow, Brown
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Subulate
Linear
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Slightly Acidic
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
From bulbs
Plant Maintenance
Medium
High
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Water in morning to avoid prompting diseases
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Needs a lot of moisture in the growing season, Stop watering completely once the plant becomes dormant
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Slightly Acidic
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand, Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Shade, Indirect sunlight, Partial shade, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Pinch Tips, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Cut away fading foliage, Remove deadheads, Requires very little pruning
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply N-P-K
20-20-20 amount, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Fertilize in early spring, Potash
Pests and Diseases
Pests and diseases free, Red blotch
Pests and diseases free
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Dry Conditions, Dry soil, Full Sun
Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Butterflies
Butterflies
Allergy
Rhinitis
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Borders
Beautification, Ground Cover, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Hair Conditioner, Making cosmetics, Skin cleanser
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Analgesic
-
Part of Plant Used
Flowers
Bulbs, Flowers
Other Uses
Can be made into a herbal tea, Used in making tea
Cosmetics, Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used for fragrance
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Cutflower, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Feature Plant, Flower borders, Screening
Botanical Name
RATIBIDA columnifera
Freesia refracta
Common Name
Mexican Hat
Freesia
In Hindi
Mexican Hat
Freesia
In German
Mexican Hat
Freesie
In French
Mexican Hat
Freesia
In Spanish
mexican Hat
fresia
In Greek
Mexican Hat
freesia
In Portuguese
Mexican Hat
freesia
In Polish
Mexican Hat
frezja
In Latin
Mexicanus Hat
Freesia
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Asparagales
Family
Asteraceae
Iridaceae
Genus
Ratibida
Freesia
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Monocots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Ixioideae
Number of Species
1416
1
27800
👆🏻