Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Herbaceous Perennial
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Canada, Eastern Asia, India, Nepal, China, Japan, Korea
Mediterranean
Types
-
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
Number of Varieties
110
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Cliffs, Moist woods, Riverbanks
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-93-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-5
9-1
Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
From Rhizomes, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loamy, Sandy
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Part sun
Pruning
In late autumn, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought