Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Perennial
Shrub
Origin
Europe
Southern Africa
Types
Pulmonaria Bubble Gum , Pulmonaria ‘Polar Splash’ , Pulmonaria ‘Moonshine’
Carissa bispinosa, Carissa carandas
Number of Varieties
2520
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Alpine Meadows
Coastal Regions, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-89-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-3
12-9
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
H2, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Cushion/Mound-forming
Cushion/Mound-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
25.40 cm90.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
81.30 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Salmon, Coral
White
Flower Color Modifier
-
-
Fruit Color
-
Light Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Lanceolate
Elliptic and Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring, Late Winter
Indeterminate
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Rocky Soil
Shade areas
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Divison
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water daily during growing season, Water when top layer of soil becomes dry
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune after flowering, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune to control growth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
fertilize in growing season, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
Pests and Diseases
Pest Free, Powdery mildew
Insects, Red blotch, Scale, Spider mites, Thripes, Whiteflies
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Rocky Soil
Shade areas
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Hummingbirds
Birds
Allergy
-
Toxic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Borders, Informal Hedge, Ornamental use, Showy Purposes, Woodland margins
Beautification, Bonsai, Cottage Garden, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Food for insects, Prevent Soil Erosion
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
-
Flowers, Fruits
Other Uses
-
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edging, Groundcover, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall
Bedding Plant, Container, Edging, Edible, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier, Tropical
Botanical Name
PULMONARIA rubra 'David Ward'
CARISSA macrocarpa
Common Name
David Ward, Red Lungwort
Carissia
In Hindi
david ward
Carissa
In German
david ward
carissa
In French
david ward
carissa
In Spanish
david ward
carissa
In Greek
david ward
carissa
In Portuguese
david ward
carissa
In Polish
david ward
carissa
In Latin
david ward
carissa
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Lamiales
Gentianales
Family
Boraginaceae
Apocynaceae
Genus
Pulmonaria
Carissa
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
Carisseae
Subfamily
-
Rauvolfioideae
Number of Species
-100
1
27800
👆🏻