Life Span
Annual, biennial or perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Origin
Southern Europe, Western Europe, Mediterranean, Turkey, Northern Africa
  
Canary Islands
  
Types
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Habitat
By seashore, Rocky areas, Sandy areas
  
Mediterranean region, mild coastal areas, shaded fields, Shaded sites, Well Drained
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-9
  
8-11
  
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
  
12-1
  
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
H1, 9, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Clump-Forming
  
Prostrate/Trailing
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Purple, Pink, Rose, Coral, Peach, Blue Violet
  
Red, Gold, Orange Red
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Not Available
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Gray Green
  
Gray Green, Silver
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Gray Green
  
Gray Green, Silver
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Gray Green
  
Gray Green, Silver
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
  
Light Green
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Oblanceolate , Ovate
  
Spine-edged leaves
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
  
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Fast
  
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
  
Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
  
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
  
Repeat Bloomer
Yes
  
Yes
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Drought
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Ground
  
How to Plant?
reseeds, Seedlings
  
Divison
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water
  
Water Deeply, Water in morning to avoid prompting diseases, Water more frequently during periods of extreme drought
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
  
Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun
  
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply N-P-K
  
Pests and Diseases
Fungal Diseases, Slugs
  
Aphids, Blight, Fusarium root rot, Mealybugs, Mites, Powdery mildew, Red blotch
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Drought, Full Sun, Heat And Humidity
  
Flowers
Yes
  
Yes
  
Flower Petal Number
Single, Double
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
Yes
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
Yes
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Fine
  
Foliage Sheen
Matte
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
No
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Bees, Hummingbirds
  
Aphids, Mealybugs, Mites, Spider Mites
  
Allergy
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
  
Borders, Formal Garden, Ground Cover
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
Yes
  
No
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Air purification
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Antidote, Aphrodisiac, Diuretic
  
Not Available
  
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves, Seedpod
  
Not Available
  
Other Uses
Used as a dye
  
Used as Ornamental plant
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Bedding Plant, Container, Cutflower, Mixed Border
  
Container, Hanging Basket, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall
  
Botanical Name
MATTHIOLA incana
  
LOTUS berthelotii
  
Common Name
Stock, Tenweeks stock, Gillyflower, Brompton Stock
  
Parrot's Beak
Winged Pea
  
In Hindi
Common stock
  
Parrot's Beak
  
In German
Garten-Levkoje
  
Papageienschnabel
  
In French
Common stock
  
Le Bec de perroquet
  
In Spanish
Matthiola incana
  
Pico de loro
  
In Greek
Common stock
  
Ράμφος παπαγάλου
  
In Portuguese
Matthiola incana
  
Bico do Papagaio
  
In Polish
Common stock
  
Dziób papugi
  
In Latin
Matthiola incana
  
Parrot rostri
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
  
Streptophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Not Available
  
Order
Capparales
  
Fabales
  
Family
Brassicaceae
  
Fabaceae
  
Genus
Matthiola
  
Lotus
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Loteae
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Faboideae
  
Number of Species
Not Available