Life Span
Annual, biennial or perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Origin
Southern Europe, Western Europe, Mediterranean, Turkey, Northern Africa
  
North America, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas, Canada
  
Types
Not Available
  
Monarda fistulosa brevis, Monarda fistulosa fistulosa, Monarda fistulosa mollis
  
Number of Varieties
Not Available
  
Habitat
By seashore, Rocky areas, Sandy areas
  
Thickets, Woodland edges
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-9
  
Not Available
  
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
  
8-1
  
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Not Available
  
Habit
Clump-Forming
  
Clump-Forming
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Purple, Pink, Rose, Coral, Peach, Blue Violet
  
Not Available
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Gray Green
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Gray Green
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Gray Green
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
  
Light Green
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Oblanceolate , Ovate
  
Lance shaped
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
  
Spring, Summer
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Medium
  
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
  
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Average
  
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
  
Not Available
  
Repeat Bloomer
Yes
  
No
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Drought, Heat Tolerance, Sun
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Ground
  
How to Plant?
reseeds, Seedlings
  
Seedlings
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water
  
Medium
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
  
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Average
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves, Remove deadheads
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
Pests and Diseases
Fungal Diseases, Slugs
  
Powdery mildew, Rust
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Drought, Heat Tolerance, Sun
  
Flowers
Yes
  
Yes
  
Flower Petal Number
Single, Double
  
Not Available
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
Yes
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
Yes
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
Yes
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Not Available
  
Foliage Sheen
Matte
  
Not Available
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
No
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Bees, Hummingbirds
  
Bees, Hummingbirds
  
Allergy
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
  
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Skin inflammation, Skin Problems
  
Edible Uses
Yes
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Air purification
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Antidote, Aphrodisiac, Diuretic
  
Antiseptic, Carminative, Diaphoretic, Diuretic, Gastrointestinal disorders
  
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves, Seedpod
  
Flowers, Leaves, Stem
  
Other Uses
Used as a dye
  
Added to salads, Used as a flavouring in food, Used as a potherb, Used as Ornamental plant
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Bedding Plant, Container, Cutflower, Mixed Border
  
Cutflower, Edible, Mixed Border, Wildflower
  
Botanical Name
MATTHIOLA incana
  
MONARDA fistulosa
  
Common Name
Stock, Tenweeks stock, Gillyflower, Brompton Stock
  
Wild Bergamot, bee balm
  
In Hindi
Common stock
  
Wild Bergamot
  
In German
Garten-Levkoje
  
Wilde Bergamotte
  
In French
Common stock
  
bergamote sauvage
  
In Spanish
Matthiola incana
  
bergamota silvestre
  
In Greek
Common stock
  
άγρια Περγαμόντο
  
In Portuguese
Matthiola incana
  
Bergamota selvagem
  
In Polish
Common stock
  
Dziki Bergamot
  
In Latin
Matthiola incana
  
Wild Bergamot
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Capparales
  
Lamiales
  
Family
Brassicaceae
  
Lamiaceae
  
Genus
Matthiola
  
Monarda
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Mentheae
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Nepetoideae
  
Number of Species
Not Available