Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Shrub
Herbs
Origin
Europe, Western Asia
Mediterranean, Turkey
Types
Euonymus europaeus
Levisticum officinale
Number of Varieties
1520
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Floodplains, Open Forest
Arid Habitats, Damp Places, Waste areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-74-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm90.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
900.00 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow green
Yellow, Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Orange
Green, Tan
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Red, Yellow green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Transplanting
Rhizome division, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune in late winter, Prune in spring, Remove dead leaves, Remove shoots
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Insects
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Wildlife
Allergy
Asthma
contact allergic dermatitis
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
along a porch, deck or patio
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Boils, Gastritis, Gout, Heartburn, Indigestion, Jaundice, Menstrual Disorders, Migraines
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Seeds
Leaves, Root, Seeds
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Food, Used as a spice, Used in making beverages
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Hedges, Screening, Wind Break
Dried Flower/Everlasting, Edible, Feature Plant, Herb / Vegetable, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
EUONYMUS europaeus
LEVISTICUM officinale
Common Name
European spindle
Lovage
In Hindi
आम धुरी
Levisticum Officinale
In German
gemeinsamen Spindel
Liebstöckel
In French
axe commun
livèche
In Spanish
husillo Común
lovage
In Greek
κοινή άξονα
λεβιστικό
In Portuguese
eixo comum
lovage
In Polish
wspólna wrzeciona
lubczyk
In Latin
commune fusum
ligusticum
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheobionta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Celastrales
Apiales
Family
Celastraceae
Apiaceae
Genus
Euonymus
Levisticum
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
Apieae
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
301
1
27800
👆🏻