Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Flowering Plants
Origin
Mediterranean
Southeastern Asia
Types
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
Torenia fournieri, Torenia concolor
Number of Varieties
101
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
Humid climates, Subtropical climates, tropical environments
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-92-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
12 - 4
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
3.00 cm25.40 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1.50 cm25.40 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Blue
White, Blue, Purple, Pink, Light Blue, Dark Blue, Lavender
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
Tan
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Acuminate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Indeterminate
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Do not water excessively, Water Deeply, Water in morning to avoid prompting diseases, Water in the early morning hours
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Part sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply N-P-K
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Fungal Diseases, Fungal leaf spots, fungus, Pest Free, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Moisture, Pests and diseases, Shade areas
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
-
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification, Borders
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
-
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
-
Other Uses
Used as an ingredient in coffee
-
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Bog Garden, Cottage garden, Edging, Flower borders
Botanical Name
Cichorium intybus
TORENIA fournieri
Common Name
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
Bluewings, Florida Pansy, Wishbone Flower
In Hindi
कासनी
Bluewings
In German
Chicoree
Bluewings
In French
chicorée
Bluewings
In Spanish
achicoria
Bluewings
In Greek
ραδίκι
Bluewings
In Portuguese
chicória
Bluewings
In Polish
cykoria
Bluewings
In Latin
pancratium
Bluewings
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Lamiales
Family
Asteraceae
Linderniaceae
Genus
Cichorium
Torenia
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Cichorieae
-
Subfamily
Cichorioideae
-
Number of Species
85195
1
27800
👆🏻