Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Shrub
Origin
Mediterranean
Europe
Types
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
-
Number of Varieties
1030
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
Cultivated Beds, Waste areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-96-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
-
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
-
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
3.00 cm40.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1.50 cm30.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Blue
Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
White
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Light Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Light Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
-
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Arrowhead
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
-
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Very Fast
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy
Moist
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
Anxiety, Cough, Insomnia, Rheumatism, Wounds
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Used as an ingredient in coffee
Showy Purposes
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
-
Botanical Name
Cichorium intybus
LACTUCA serriola
Common Name
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
Compass Plant, Horse Thistle, Prickly Lettuce
In Hindi
कासनी
Prickly Lettuce
In German
Chicoree
Feigensalat
In French
chicorée
laitue scariole
In Spanish
achicoria
lechuga espinosa
In Greek
ραδίκι
φραγκοσυκιές Μαρούλι
In Portuguese
chicória
alface espinhosa
In Polish
cykoria
Kolczasta Sałata
In Latin
pancratium
Opuntia Lactuca
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Asterales
Family
Asteraceae
Asteraceae
Genus
Cichorium
Lactuca
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Cichorieae
Cichorieae
Subfamily
Cichorioideae
-
Number of Species
85100
1
27800
👆🏻