Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Flowering Plants, Grass, Shrubs
Origin
Mediterranean
Central America, North America
Types
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
Perennial
Number of Varieties
104
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
Temperate Regions, tropical environments
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-97-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
-
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
3.00 cm60.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1.50 cm50.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Blue
Pink, Red, White, Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
Black, Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Yellow green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Egg-shaped
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Fall, Late Summer, Mid Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Neutral, Slightly Acidic, Slightly Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Early Fall, Late Summer, Mid Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Do not water excessively
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Neutral, Slightly Acidic, Slightly Alkaline
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Cut back old stems to the ground
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
as it is a flowering plant, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Aphids, Slugs
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Bees, Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes, small hedge
Beauty Benefits
-
Making cosmetics
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
-
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
anti-inflammatory, Aphrodisiac, Diuretic, Purgative, Vulnerary
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Used as an ingredient in coffee
Edible dye
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Container, Edging, Feature Plant, Foundation, Wildflower
Botanical Name
Cichorium intybus
Mirabilis jalapa
Common Name
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
marvel of peru, four o'clock flower
In Hindi
कासनी
Mirabilis jalapa
In German
Chicoree
Wunderblume
In French
chicorée
Belle-de-nuit
In Spanish
achicoria
Dondiego de noche
In Greek
ραδίκι
mirabilis Jalapa
In Portuguese
chicória
Maravilha
In Polish
cykoria
mirabilis Jalapa
In Latin
pancratium
mirabilis Ja-
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Caryophyllales
Family
Asteraceae
Nyctaginaceae
Genus
Cichorium
Mirabilis
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Core eudicots, Eudicots
Tribe
Cichorieae
-
Subfamily
Cichorioideae
-
Number of Species
8560
1
27800
👆🏻