Life Span
Annual
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Origin
North America, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, South-Central United States, Canada
Mediterranean
Types
Herbaceous perennial
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
Number of Varieties
4010
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Lakes, Pastures, Prairies, Roadsides, Swamps, Woodlands
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-93-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
61.00 cm3.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.40 cm1.50 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Crimson, Dark Red
Blue
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Brown
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Purple, Dark Green, Burgundy
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Lanceolate
Oblong
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Part sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam
Loamy, Sandy
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Poorly Drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Divison, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Medium
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam
Loamy, Sandy
Soil Drainage Capacity
Poorly Drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Part sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies, Insects
Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Headache, Rheumatism, Stomach pain
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves, Root
Leaves, Root
Other Uses
Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes
Used as an ingredient in coffee
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Bog Garden, Mixed Border, Water Gardens, Wildflower
-
Botanical Name
LOBELIA cardinalis
Cichorium intybus
Common Name
Cardinal Flower
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
In Hindi
Cardinal Flower
कासनी
In German
Cardinal Flower
Chicoree
In French
Cardinal Flower
chicorée
In Spanish
Cardinal Flower
achicoria
In Greek
Καρδινάλιος λουλούδι
ραδίκι
In Portuguese
Cardinal Flower
chicória
In Polish
Cardinal Flower
cykoria
In Latin
Cardinalis Flower
pancratium
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Asterales
Family
Lobeliaceae
Asteraceae
Genus
Lobelia
Cichorium
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
Cichorieae
Subfamily
Lobelioideae
Cichorioideae
Number of Species
5685
1
27800
👆🏻