Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Origin
-
Eastern Europe, Southern Europe
Types
-
Eastern Austrian Pine, Western Austrian Pine
Number of Varieties
-2
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Damp forests, Woodland Garden
Wet ground, Wet lands
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-84-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
-
A3, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Rosette/Stemless
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
15.00 cm610.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Red, Purple, Orange
Green
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong elliptic
Linear
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall, Fall
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings
Cuttings, Layering
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do not let dry out between waterings, Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained, Requires regular watering
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Dry root rot, Leaf spot
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
-
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Matte
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Insects
Birds
Allergy
-
Asthma, Rash, Skin rash
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Formal Garden, Used in parkland
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
Tree trunks
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used as firewood, Used in construction, Used in Furniture, Used in pulpwood and lumber production, Wood is used for making furniture, Wood is used fore making tools, Wood is used in construction, Wood log is used in making fences
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Feature Plant, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Primula beesiana
PINUS nigra
Common Name
Candelabra Primrose, Primrose
European Black Pine
In Hindi
candelabra primrose
Austrian Pine
In German
Kerzenleuchter Primel
Schwarzkiefer
In French
candélabre primevère
Pin noir d'Autriche
In Spanish
Primula beesiana
pino salgareño
In Greek
μανουάλια primrose
Η αυστριακή πεύκα
In Portuguese
prímula candelabros
Pinheiro-larício
In Polish
kandelabry pierwiosnka
Sosna czarna
In Latin
candelabra Primrose
Austrian Pine
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Pinopsida
Order
Myrtales
Pinales
Family
Onagraceae
Pinaceae
Genus
Oenothera
Pinus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
-
Tribe
Onagreae
-
Subfamily
Onagroideae
-
Number of Species
1453
1
27800
👆🏻