Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Palm or Cycad
Tree
Origin
South Africa
Southeastern Asia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia
Types
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
-
Number of Varieties
663
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-1210-12
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-8
12-9
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H2, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
290.00 cm1,370.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
240.00 cm1,520.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Light Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Gray Green, Gray
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Gray Green, Gray
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Maple shaped
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Very Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
Indeterminate
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Wet Site, Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs very little water
Water daily during growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Moderate
In Spring
Moderate
Less Watering
In Winter
Average Water
Less Watering
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Insects
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
-
Nausea, Vomiting
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Cottage Garden
Beauty Benefits
-
For treating wrinkles, Moisturizing, used as a dye
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
Air purification, Shadow Tree
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Cramps, Dermatitis
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Bark, Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Can be made into a herbal tea, Making Sweet Scented Oil, Sauces, Used as firewood
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
Mixed Border, Shade Trees, Street Trees, Tropical
Botanical Name
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
ALEURITES moluccanus
Common Name
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
Candleberry, Candlenut, Kukui
In Hindi
Bread Tree
Aleurites moluccanus
In German
Brotbaum
Lichtnussbaum
In French
Bread Arbre
Aleurites moluccana
In Spanish
Árbol del pan
Aleurites moluccanus
In Greek
ψωμί Δέντρο
Aleurites moluccanus
In Portuguese
Árvore de pão
Nogueira-de-iguape
In Polish
chleb Drzewo
Nogueira-de-iguape
In Latin
panis ligno
Aleurites moluccanus
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Angiosperms
Class
Equisetopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Cycadales
Euphorbiales
Family
Cycadaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Genus
Encephalartos
Aleurites
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Aleuritideae
Subfamily
-
Crotonoideae
Number of Species
6650
1
27800
👆🏻