Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Origin
South-Central United States
Mediterranean
Types
Penstemon digitalis, Penstemon barbatus, Penstemon heterophyllus
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
Number of Varieties
20010
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Rocky areas
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-83-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
No Available
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm3.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.50 cm1.50 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Purple
Blue
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
-
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Long linear and narrow
Oblong
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
-
Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Part sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam
Loamy, Sandy
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
From bulbs
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires watering in the growing season
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam
Loamy, Sandy
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Part sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
-
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Hummingbirds, Butterflies
Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
Leaves, Root
Other Uses
Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant
Used as an ingredient in coffee
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Bedding Plant, Rock Garden / Wall, Wildflower
-
Botanical Name
PENSTEMON cobaea
Cichorium intybus
Common Name
Beardtongue
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
In Hindi
Beardtongue
कासनी
In German
Bartfaden
Chicoree
In French
beardtongue
chicorée
In Spanish
beardtongue
achicoria
In Greek
Beardtongue
ραδίκι
In Portuguese
Beardtongue
chicória
In Polish
Beardtongue
cykoria
In Latin
ursus lingua
pancratium
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Equisetopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Lamiales
Asterales
Family
Scrophulariaceae
Asteraceae
Genus
Penstemon
Cichorium
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
Cichorieae
Subfamily
-
Cichorioideae
Number of Species
26185
1
27800
👆🏻