Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
Africa, South-Eastern Asia
India, Nepal, China
Types
Terminalia arjuna
Betula utilis
Number of Varieties
12
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Subtropical forests, Tropical regions
Mountains
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-95-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9 - 5
7-5
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21
3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Clump-Forming
Pyramidal
Plant Size
Minimum Height
300.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
45.70 cm760.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Pale Yellow, Yellow green
Tan, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green, Light Green
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Yellow green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Light Green
Yellow
Leaf Color in Winter
Brown, Light Yellow, Tan
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Cordiform
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Early Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Drought, Salt
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Grafting, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs less watering
Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Average Water
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
Fertilize in early spring, Fertilize in late fall, slow-release fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Downy mildew, Purple Blotch, Red blotch
Honey fungus, Leaves with brown tip, Phytophthora Root Rot, Powdery mildew, Verticillium Wilt
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Dry Conditions, waterlogging, Wet Site
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bees, Flies, pollinators
-
Allergy
conjunctivitis, sneezing
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
-
Beauty Benefits
Making cosmetics
Weightloss
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Soil protection
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cardiovascular problems, Detoxifies lever, Diabetes, Dysentry, Jaundice, Menstrual Disorders
anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, Antioxidants, Antiseptic, Carminative
Part of Plant Used
Inner Bark, Leaf Stalks
Bark, Leaves
Other Uses
Can be made into a herbal tea, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used as a fodder tree in agricultural areas
Used in construction, Wood is used in construction
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Dried Flower/Everlasting, Lawns and Turf, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Terminalia arjuna
BETULA utilis
Common Name
Arjuna
Himalayan Birch
In Hindi
अर्जुन वृक्ष
हिमालय सन्टी
In German
Terminalia arjuna
Himalaya-Birke
In French
Terminalia arjuna
bouleau de l'Himalaya
In Spanish
Migdałecznik arjuna
abedul del Himalaya
In Greek
arjuna
Himalayan σημύδας
In Portuguese
Migdałecznik arjuna
bétula Himalaia
In Polish
Migdałecznik arjuna
Himalayan brzoza
In Latin
arjuna
Birch Himalayan
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
-
Magnoliopsida
Order
Myrtales
Fagales
Family
Poaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Terminilia
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
10030
1
27800
👆🏻