Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Perennial
Origin
Europe, Russia
Europe
Types
Primula elatior
Pulmonaria Bubble Gum , Pulmonaria ‘Polar Splash’ , Pulmonaria ‘Moonshine’
Number of Varieties
125
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Roadsides, sand dunes, Waste areas
Alpine Meadows
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-74-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
8-3
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Rosette/Stemless
Cushion/Mound-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm25.40 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.00 cm81.30 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Light Yellow
Red, Salmon, Coral
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Tan
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Lanceolate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Early Spring, Spring, Late Winter
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought, Rocky Soil
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Divison
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Prune after flowering, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
Pests and Diseases
Slugs, Snails
Pest Free, Powdery mildew
Plant Tolerance
Variety of soil types
Drought, Rocky Soil
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Insects
Hummingbirds
Allergy
Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Skin irritation
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Borders, Informal Hedge, Ornamental use, Showy Purposes, Woodland margins
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Eczema
-
Part of Plant Used
Root
-
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
-
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
Edging, Groundcover, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall
Botanical Name
Primula elatior
PULMONARIA rubra 'David Ward'
Common Name
Oxlip, true oxlip
David Ward, Red Lungwort
In Hindi
Oxlip
david ward
In German
Hohe Schlüsselblume
david ward
In French
La Primevère élevée ou Primevère des bois
david ward
In Spanish
Primula elatior
david ward
In Greek
δακράκι
david ward
In Portuguese
Oxlip
david ward
In Polish
Oxlip
david ward
In Latin
Oxlip
david ward
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Myrtales
Lamiales
Family
Onagraceae
Boraginaceae
Genus
Oenothera
Pulmonaria
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
-
Tribe
Onagreae
-
Subfamily
Onagroideae
-
Number of Species
145-
1
27800
👆🏻