Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Herbaceous Perennial
Flowering Plants, Fruits, Herbs, Shrubs
Origin
Africa, Kenya, South Africa
Australia, South America
Types
Freesia
Adams Elderberry, Black Beauty Elderberry, Black Lace Elderberry, Johns Elderberry, Nova Elderberry
Number of Varieties
150
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
gardens, Grassland, Homesteads, Tropical regions, Wet forest
Farms, Homesteads, Near organic waste disposal
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-104-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
8-1
Sunset Zone
-
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Upright/Erect
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
50.00 cm9.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
40.00 cm8.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
-
Purple, Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Light Yellow, Brown
Yellow green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Linear
Compound
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring
Early Spring
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Part sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
The pH of Soil
Slightly Acidic
Slightly Acidic
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Pollution
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
From bulbs
Grafting, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
High
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Needs a lot of moisture in the growing season, Stop watering completely once the plant becomes dormant
Requires regular watering, Use Mulches to help prevent water loss during hot and windy weather
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Slightly Acidic
Slightly Acidic
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand, Well drained
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Shade, Indirect sunlight, Partial shade, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Part sun
Pruning
Cut away fading foliage, Remove deadheads, Requires very little pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune in winter, Prune ocassionally, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
20-20-20 amount, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Fertilize in early spring, Potash
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Pests and diseases free
Canker, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew, Stem spot, Tomato Ringspot Virus
Plant Tolerance
Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Birds
Allergy
-
Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Ground Cover, Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
Hair Conditioner, Making cosmetics, Skin cleanser
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
constipation, Fever, Heart problems, High cholestrol, HIV/AIDS, Nerve pain, swine flu
Part of Plant Used
Bulbs, Flowers
Flowers, Fruits
Other Uses
Cosmetics, Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used for fragrance
-
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Flower borders, Screening
-
Botanical Name
Freesia refracta
Sambucus nigra
Common Name
Freesia
Elderberry
In Hindi
Freesia
Elderberry
In German
Freesie
Holunderbeere
In French
Freesia
Sureau
In Spanish
fresia
Saúco
In Greek
freesia
Elderberry
In Portuguese
freesia
Sabugueiro
In Polish
frezja
Bez czarny
In Latin
Freesia
Elderberry
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asparagales
Dipsacales
Family
Iridaceae
Adoxaceae
Genus
Freesia
Sambucus
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Ixioideae
-
Number of Species
1630
1
27800
👆🏻