Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants, Fruits, Herbs, Shrubs
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Australia, South America
California
Types
Adams Elderberry, Black Beauty Elderberry, Black Lace Elderberry, Johns Elderberry, Nova Elderberry
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Number of Varieties
03
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Farms, Homesteads, Near organic waste disposal
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-88-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
-
Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
21,22
Habit
Upright/Erect
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
9.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
8.00 cm120.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
White
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Purple, Red
Red, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Compound
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Early Spring
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Slightly Acidic
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires regular watering, Use Mulches to help prevent water loss during hot and windy weather
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Slightly Acidic
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune in winter, Prune ocassionally, Remove deadheads
-
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Canker, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew, Stem spot, Tomato Ringspot Virus
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting
Acidic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Erosion control
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
constipation, Fever, Heart problems, High cholestrol, HIV/AIDS, Nerve pain, swine flu
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Fruits
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
-
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Botanical Name
Sambucus nigra
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Common Name
Elderberry
Christmas Berry, California Holly
In Hindi
Elderberry
Toyon
In German
Holunderbeere
Toyon
In French
Sureau
Toyon
In Spanish
Saúco
Toyon
In Greek
Elderberry
Toyon
In Portuguese
Sabugueiro
Toyon
In Polish
Bez czarny
Toyon
In Latin
Elderberry
Toyon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Rosales
Family
Adoxaceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Sambucus
Heteromeles
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Maleae
Subfamily
-
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
306
1
27800
👆🏻