Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants, Fruits, Herbs, Shrubs
Perennial
Origin
Australia, South America
-
Types
Adams Elderberry, Black Beauty Elderberry, Black Lace Elderberry, Johns Elderberry, Nova Elderberry
Primula auricula, Bear's Ear
Number of Varieties
025
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Farms, Homesteads, Near organic waste disposal
Rocky Mountains
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-84-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
9.00 cm20.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
8.00 cm25.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Yellow, Yellow Orange
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Purple, Red
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow green
Green, Light Yellow, Brown
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Compound
Oblong
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Early Spring
Spring, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Slightly Acidic
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires regular watering, Use Mulches to help prevent water loss during hot and windy weather
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Slightly Acidic
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune in winter, Prune ocassionally, Remove deadheads
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
Pests and Diseases
Canker, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew, Stem spot, Tomato Ringspot Virus
-
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Variety of soil types
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
-
Allergy
Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
constipation, Fever, Heart problems, High cholestrol, HIV/AIDS, Nerve pain, swine flu
Eczema
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Fruits
Root
Other Uses
-
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Edible, Feature Plant, Fruit / Fruit Tree
Botanical Name
Sambucus nigra
Primula auricula
Common Name
Elderberry
auricula, mountain cowslip or bear's ear
In Hindi
Elderberry
mountain cowslip
In German
Holunderbeere
Aurikel
In French
Sureau
Primula auricula
In Spanish
Saúco
Primula auricula
In Greek
Elderberry
mountain cowslip
In Portuguese
Sabugueiro
cowslip montanha
In Polish
Bez czarny
Pierwiosnek łyszczak
In Latin
Elderberry
Primula auricula
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Ericales
Family
Adoxaceae
Primulaceae
Genus
Sambucus
Primula
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Primuloideae
Number of Species
3025
1
27800
👆🏻