Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Europe
North America, Northeastern United States, Southeastern United States, South-Central United States
Types
Pulmonaria Bubble Gum , Pulmonaria ‘Polar Splash’ , Pulmonaria ‘Moonshine’
Ilex glabra, Ilex crenata, Ilex verticillata
Number of Varieties
253
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Alpine Meadows
Coastal Regions, Lowland, Mountains, Subtropical climates, Suburban areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-85-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-3
9-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Cushion/Mound-forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
25.40 cm120.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
81.30 cm180.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Salmon, Coral
White
Flower Color Modifier
-
-
Fruit Color
-
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Lanceolate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring, Late Winter
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Rocky Soil
-
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained
Keep ground moist, Requires watering in the growing season, Water Deeply, Water more in summer, Water when soil is dry
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Prune after flowering, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Shape and thin as needed
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Pest Free, Powdery mildew
Aphids
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Rocky Soil
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Hummingbirds
Birds
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Borders, Informal Hedge, Ornamental use, Showy Purposes, Woodland margins
-
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
-
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
-
Can be made into a herbal tea
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edging, Groundcover, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall
Mixed Border, Wildflower
Botanical Name
PULMONARIA rubra 'David Ward'
ILEX glabra
Common Name
David Ward, Red Lungwort
American Pokeweed, Inkberry, Silberstein American Pokeweed
In Hindi
david ward
Inkberry
In German
david ward
Inkberry
In French
david ward
Inkberry
In Spanish
david ward
Inkberry
In Greek
david ward
Inkberry
In Portuguese
david ward
Inkberry
In Polish
david ward
inkberry
In Latin
david ward
Inkberry
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
-
Class
Magnoliopsida
-
Order
Lamiales
Aquifoliales
Family
Boraginaceae
Phytolaccaceae
Genus
Pulmonaria
Ilex
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
-600
1
27800
👆🏻