Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Sedge or Rush
Herbs
Origin
World/Pandemic, North America, Europe, Russia/Siberia, Africa, Asia
Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Western Europe, Mediterranean, Turkey, Western Asia
Types
-
Herb
Number of Varieties
13
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
All sorts of environments, Banks, ditches, marshes, Shores of rivers or lakes
Cultivated Beds
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-9-9999
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-6
8-1
Sunset Zone
H1, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
45.70 cm50.80 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
61.00 cm25.40 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Brown
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Brown, Sandy Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Tan, Sandy Brown
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Long hair-like leaves
Compound
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Poorly Drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Light Frost, Shade areas, Variety of soil types
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, reseeds
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require regular watering
Medium
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Poorly Drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Prune to control growth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Prune after flowering, Remove dead flowers
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Self-fertile
Pests and Diseases
-
Leafhoppers, Root Pathogen, Stem rot
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Light Frost, Shade areas, Variety of soil types
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bumblebees, Flying insects
Bugs
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Informal Hedge, Woodland margins
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Appetite enhancer, Bloating, Digestion problems, Digestive, Heartburn, Menstrual Cramps, Stomach spasms
Part of Plant Used
-
Leaves, Root, Seeds
Other Uses
woven into the covering of tatami mats
Medicinal oil, Used As Food, Used in flavouring curries, teas
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Bog Garden, Container, Mixed Border, Water Gardens
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable
Botanical Name
JUNCUS effusus f.Spiral
CARUM carvi
Common Name
Curly wurly
Caraway, meridian fennel, Persian cumin
In Hindi
Corkscrew Rush
शाहजीरा
In German
Corkscrew Rush
Kümmel
In French
Corkscrew Rush
carvi
In Spanish
Corkscrew Rush
alcaravea
In Greek
Corkscrew Rush
κύμινο
In Portuguese
Corkscrew Rush
alcaravia
In Polish
Corkscrew Rush
kminek
In Latin
Corkscrew Rush
Caraway
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Liliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Poales
Apiales
Family
Juncaceae
Apiaceae
Genus
Juncus
Carum
Clade
Angiosperms, Commelinids, Monocots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
2520
1
27800
👆🏻