Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Shrub
Shrub
Origin
Europe, Western Asia
Southeastern Asia, India
Types
Euonymus europaeus
Orange, Dark Red (Ratan aboli), Yellow, Delhi Crossandra , Arka Ambara, Arka Kanaka (IIHR varieties)
Number of Varieties
156
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Floodplains, Open Forest
Screen Cottage and Informal Garden, Urban areas, Wild
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-710-15
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
10-9
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16
H1, H2, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm40.60 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
900.00 cm25.40 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow green
Orange, Orange Red
Flower Color Modifier
-
-
Fruit Color
Orange
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Red, Yellow green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Indeterminate
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Transplanting
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Water daily during growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune in late winter, Prune in spring, Remove dead leaves, Remove shoots
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Balanced liquid fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Hummingbirds, Butterflies
Allergy
Asthma
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beautification, Bouquets, Cottage Garden, Ground Cover, Hanging Basket, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Agroforestry
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Antibacterial, Aphrodisiac, Bronchitis, Cough, Liver problems, Menstrual Disorders
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Seeds
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant
Basketary, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Hedges, Screening, Wind Break
Container, Cutflower, Hedges, Tropical
Botanical Name
EUONYMUS europaeus
CROSSANDRA infundibuliformis
Common Name
European spindle
Crossandra, firecracker flower
In Hindi
आम धुरी
Crossandra
In German
gemeinsamen Spindel
Crossandra
In French
axe commun
Crossandra
In Spanish
husillo Común
Crossandra
In Greek
κοινή άξονα
Crossandra
In Portuguese
eixo comum
Crossandra
In Polish
wspólna wrzeciona
Crossandra
In Latin
commune fusum
Crossandra
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheobionta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Celastrales
Scrophulariales
Family
Celastraceae
Acanthaceae
Genus
Euonymus
Crossandra
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
3052
1
27800
👆🏻