Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Shrub
Tree
Origin
Europe, Western Asia
Africa, South-Eastern Asia
Types
Euonymus europaeus
Terminalia arjuna
Number of Varieties
151
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Floodplains, Open Forest
Subtropical forests, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-75-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
9 - 5
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm300.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
900.00 cm45.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow green
Pale Yellow, Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Orange
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Red, Yellow green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Brown, Light Yellow, Tan
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Fall
Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Transplanting
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Needs less watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Pruning
Prune in late winter, Prune in spring, Remove dead leaves, Remove shoots
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Downy mildew, Purple Blotch, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Bees, Flies, pollinators
Allergy
Asthma
conjunctivitis, sneezing
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Making cosmetics
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Soil protection
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Cardiovascular problems, Detoxifies lever, Diabetes, Dysentry, Jaundice, Menstrual Disorders
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Seeds
Inner Bark, Leaf Stalks
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant
Can be made into a herbal tea, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used as a fodder tree in agricultural areas
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Hedges, Screening, Wind Break
Dried Flower/Everlasting, Lawns and Turf, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Botanical Name
EUONYMUS europaeus
Terminalia arjuna
Common Name
European spindle
Arjuna
In Hindi
आम धुरी
अर्जुन वृक्ष
In German
gemeinsamen Spindel
Terminalia arjuna
In French
axe commun
Terminalia arjuna
In Spanish
husillo Común
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Greek
κοινή άξονα
arjuna
In Portuguese
eixo comum
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Polish
wspólna wrzeciona
Migdałecznik arjuna
In Latin
commune fusum
arjuna
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheobionta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
-
Order
Celastrales
Myrtales
Family
Celastraceae
Poaceae
Genus
Euonymus
Terminilia
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
30100
1
27800
👆🏻