Life Span
Annual
  
Perennial
  
Type
Vegetable
  
Vegetable
  
Origin
Europe
  
World/Pandemic, North America, Europe, Russia/Siberia, Northern Africa, Asia, India
  
Types
Not Available
  
White Spanish
Gladalan White
  
Number of Varieties
Not Available
  
Habitat
agricultural areas, Moist Soils
  
Cropland, Farms, gardens
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-10
  
Not Available
  
AHS Heat Zone
9-3
  
Not Available
  
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Upright/Erect
  
Upright/Erect
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Yellow
  
White, Yellow green
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Sienna, Black
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
White, Green, Dark Green
  
Green, Gray Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
White, Green, Dark Green
  
Green, Gray Green, Yellow green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
White, Green, Dark Green
  
Not Available
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Oval
  
Linear
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Fall, Winter
  
Not Available
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Fast
  
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
  
Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Spring, Summer
  
Late Spring, Early Summer
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Drought
  
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
  
Ground, Pot
  
How to Plant?
Seedlings
  
Seedlings, Sets
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Do not water the foliage, Keep the Soil well drained
  
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires a lot of watering, Water twice a day in the initial period
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
  
Neutral
  
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Pruning
Remove dead or diseased plant parts
  
Dispose of diseased portions, Prune after flowering
  
Fertilizers
8-8-8, since leafy plants, use higher nitrogen content fertilizer
  
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Fertilize the soil before planting
  
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Beetles, Cabbage looper, Downy mildew, Fusarium leaf spot, Rust
  
Aphids, Downy mildew, Leaf rust, Slugs, Soft scales
  
Plant Tolerance
Full Sun, Humidity, Shallow soil
  
Humidity, Shade areas, Shallow soil
  
Flowers
Showy
  
Showy
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
Yes
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
Yes
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Not Available
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
Sometimes
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
No
  
Attracts
Caterpillar, Mites
  
Aphids, Insects, Snails
  
Allergy
Diarrhea, Dizziness, Nausea
  
Eye irritation, Gastric, Oral Allergy
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Not Available
  
Not Used For Aesthetic Purpose
  
Beauty Benefits
Anti-ageing, Hair Conditioner, Skin cleanser
  
Anti-ageing, Blackheads, Good for the Scalp, Reduce Bruises
  
Edible Uses
Yes
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen, Food for animals
  
Air purification, Indoor Air Purification, Insect Repellent
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Aging, Anti-oxidant, Digestion problems, Eliminate toxins, Nutritive, Obesity, Rich in Potassium
  
Analgesic, Asthma, Bronchitis, cholesterol-lowering, Cough, Diabetes, Digestion problems, Diuretic, High blood pressure, Respiratory Disorders, Rheumatism
  
Part of Plant Used
Leaf Stalks, Leaves
  
Whole plant
  
Other Uses
Culinary use, Sauces, Used to promote healthy blood flow during menstruation
  
Animal Feed, Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Sauces
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
Yes
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Wildflower
  
Edible, Herb / Vegetable
  
Botanical Name
BRASSICA rapa( Chinensis Group)
  
ALLIUM cepa 'White Ebenezer'
  
Common Name
Bok Choy, Chinese Cabbage, Choy Sum, Pak Choi
  
Garden Onion, White Onion
  
In Hindi
choy sum
  
प्याज
  
In German
choy sum
  
Zwiebel
  
In French
choy sum
  
Oignon
  
In Spanish
choy sum
  
Cebolla
  
In Greek
choy sum
  
Κρεμμύδι
  
In Portuguese
choy sum
  
Cebola
  
In Polish
choy sum
  
Cebula
  
In Latin
choy sum
  
cepa
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Liliopsida
  
Order
Capparales
  
Asparagales
  
Family
Brassicaceae
  
Liliaceae
  
Genus
Brassica
  
Allium
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
  
Angiosperms, Monocots
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Allieae
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Allioideae