Life Span
Annual
  
Perennial
  
Type
Vegetable
  
Flowering Plants, Shrubs
  
Origin
Europe
  
Asia, North America, Southern Europe
  
Types
Not Available
  
Aristocrat, Buckeye Belle, Henry Bockstoce , Abalone Pearl, Coral Supreme, Cytherea, Charlie's White
  
Number of Varieties
Not Available
  
Habitat
agricultural areas, Moist Soils
  
Hillside, Woods
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-10
  
3-9
  
AHS Heat Zone
9-3
  
8-1
  
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22
  
Habit
Upright/Erect
  
Clump-Forming
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Yellow
  
Pink, Red, White
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Not Available
  
Fruit Color
Sienna, Black
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
  
Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
White, Green, Dark Green
  
Dark Green, Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
White, Green, Dark Green
  
Bronze, Dark Green, Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
White, Green, Dark Green
  
Not Available
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Oval
  
Compound
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Fall, Winter
  
Spring
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Part sun
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Slow
  
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Loamy
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
  
Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Spring, Summer
  
Spring, Summer
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Not Available
  
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
  
Ground, Pot
  
How to Plant?
Seedlings
  
Grafting, Seedlings, Stem Planting, Transplanting
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Do not water the foliage, Keep the Soil well drained
  
Does not require lot of watering, It cannot sustain wet-feet, Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Needs watering once a week, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Water occasionally
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
  
Neutral
  
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Loamy
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Part sun
  
Pruning
Remove dead or diseased plant parts
  
Do not prune during shooting season, Prune to control growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
  
Fertilizers
8-8-8, since leafy plants, use higher nitrogen content fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Beetles, Cabbage looper, Downy mildew, Fusarium leaf spot, Rust
  
Botrytis Blight, Leaf spot, Stem spot, Viruses
  
Plant Tolerance
Full Sun, Humidity, Shallow soil
  
Drought
  
Flowers
Showy
  
Yes
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Semi-Double
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
Yes
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Coarse
  
Foliage Sheen
Not Available
  
Glossy
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
Sometimes
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
No
  
Attracts
Caterpillar, Mites
  
Ants
  
Allergy
Diarrhea, Dizziness, Nausea
  
Not Available
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Not Available
  
Beautification, Bouquets, Showy Purposes, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
  
Beauty Benefits
Anti-ageing, Hair Conditioner, Skin cleanser
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
Yes
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen, Food for animals
  
Air purification
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Aging, Anti-oxidant, Digestion problems, Eliminate toxins, Nutritive, Obesity, Rich in Potassium
  
Cough, Gout, Headache, Heartburn, Kidney problems, Upset stomach, Urinary tract problems
  
Part of Plant Used
Leaf Stalks, Leaves
  
Flowers, Root, Seeds
  
Other Uses
Culinary use, Sauces, Used to promote healthy blood flow during menstruation
  
Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for fragrance
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Wildflower
  
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border
  
Botanical Name
BRASSICA rapa( Chinensis Group)
  
Paeonia lactiflora
  
Common Name
Bok Choy, Chinese Cabbage, Choy Sum, Pak Choi
  
Herbaceous Peony
  
In Hindi
choy sum
  
Herbaceous peony
  
In German
choy sum
  
Krautige Pfingstrose
  
In French
choy sum
  
pivoines herbacées
  
In Spanish
choy sum
  
peonía herbáceas
  
In Greek
choy sum
  
ποώδη παιωνία
  
In Portuguese
choy sum
  
peônia herbáceas
  
In Polish
choy sum
  
piwonii zielnych
  
In Latin
choy sum
  
herbaceum AGLAOPHOTIS
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Capparales
  
Not Available
  
Family
Brassicaceae
  
Paeoniaceae
  
Genus
Brassica
  
Paeonia
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
  
Angiosperms, Core eudicots, Eudicots
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Not Available