Life Span
Perennial
Annual or Biennial
Type
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Vegetable
Origin
Mediterranean
Europe
Types
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
Amber globe, Baby bunch turnips, Purple top
Number of Varieties
1030
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
Fields, Vegetable Gardens
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-96-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
9-3
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Rosette/Stemless
Plant Size
Minimum Height
3.00 cm25.40 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1.50 cm20.30 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Blue
Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
Sienna, Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
White, Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
White, Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
White, Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Long Broad
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Alternaria Leaf Spot, Anthracnose, Cercospora leaf spot, Downy mildew
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Beet armyworms, Caterpillar, white worms
Allergy
-
angioedema, Oral Allergy, Urticaria
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin and hair
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
Bone strength, Cancer, Cardiovascular problems, Lung Problems
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
Leaves, Shoots
Other Uses
Used as an ingredient in coffee
Food for animals, Used as a vegetable, Used in salads
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable
Botanical Name
Cichorium intybus
BRASSICA rapa 'Hakurei'
Common Name
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
Turnip
In Hindi
कासनी
शलजम
In German
Chicoree
Rübe
In French
chicorée
Navet
In Spanish
achicoria
Nabo
In Greek
ραδίκι
Γογγύλι
In Portuguese
chicória
Nabo
In Polish
cykoria
Rzepa
In Latin
pancratium
rapa
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Brassicales
Family
Asteraceae
Brassicaceae
Genus
Cichorium
Brassica
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Cichorieae
Brassiceae
Subfamily
Cichorioideae
-
Number of Species
85-
1
27800
👆🏻