Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Tree
Origin
Mediterranean
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Types
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
-
Number of Varieties
102
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
Forest margins, Thickets
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-94-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
Habit
Clump-Forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
3.00 cm370.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1.50 cm430.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Blue
Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Yellow, Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Plant Tolerance
Drought
-
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
Cold, Fever
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
Whole plant
Other Uses
Used as an ingredient in coffee
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Screening / Wind Break
Botanical Name
Cichorium intybus
Sambucus racemosa
Common Name
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
In Hindi
कासनी
Red Elderberry
In German
Chicoree
Rote Holunder
In French
chicorée
Red sureau
In Spanish
achicoria
La baya del saúco roja
In Greek
ραδίκι
κόκκινο Elderberry
In Portuguese
chicória
Red Elderberry
In Polish
cykoria
Red Elderberry
In Latin
pancratium
pubens
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Dipsacales
Family
Asteraceae
Caprifoliaceae
Genus
Cichorium
Sambucus
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Cichorieae
-
Subfamily
Cichorioideae
-
Number of Species
857
1
27800
👆🏻