Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Mediterranean
United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas
Types
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
Ilex opaca laxiflora,Ilex opaca opaca
Number of Varieties
102
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
Coastal sand dunes, moist forests, Swamps
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-95-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
-
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
21,22
Habit
Clump-Forming
Pyramidal
Plant Size
Minimum Height
3.00 cm760.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1.50 cm460.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Blue
White
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Oval Spiny Leaves
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Average Water Needs, Drought Tolerant
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Birds
Allergy
-
Mild Allergen
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Landscape Designing
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
Cold, epilepsy, Itching, Malaria, Pneumonia
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
Bark, Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Used as an ingredient in coffee
Decoration Purposes, Used as a dyestuff, Used as Ornamental plant, Used in making tea
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Feature Plant, Foundation, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Cichorium intybus
ILEX opaca
Common Name
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
Christmas Holly
In Hindi
कासनी
American Holly
In German
Chicoree
American Holly
In French
chicorée
American Holly
In Spanish
achicoria
American Holly
In Greek
ραδίκι
American Holly
In Portuguese
chicória
American Holly
In Polish
cykoria
American Holly
In Latin
pancratium
American Holly
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Celastrales
Family
Asteraceae
Aquifoliaceae
Genus
Cichorium
Ilex
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Cichorieae
-
Subfamily
Cichorioideae
-
Number of Species
852
1
27800
👆🏻