Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
Tree
Origin
Mediterranean
North America, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Canada
Types
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
-
Number of Varieties
101
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
Deciduous forests, Forest margins
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-95-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Clump-Forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
3.00 cm1,830.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1.50 cm2,130.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Blue
Gold, Light Green, Light Yellow, White
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
Light Green, Sienna, Chocolate
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Yellow, Yellow green, Gold
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Toothed
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Needs very little water
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Cut back all stems to the same height, Pinch or prune as they grow to promote branching and bushiness, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
14-14-14 Fertilizer, Compost, General purpose liquid or granular fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
Chestnut Blight
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Bees, Birds, Deers
Allergy
-
conjunctivitis, Vomiting
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
Arthritis, Cough, Sore throat, Swelling
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
Sap, Wood
Other Uses
Used as an ingredient in coffee
Decorative veneers, flooring, paneling, Used in Furniture, Used in pulpwood and lumber production
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Edible, Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Cichorium intybus
CASTANEA dentata
Common Name
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
American Chestnut
In Hindi
कासनी
अमेरिकी शाहबलूत
In German
Chicoree
Amerikanische Kastanie
In French
chicorée
Châtaignier d'Amérique
In Spanish
achicoria
Castanea dentata
In Greek
ραδίκι
american καστανιάς
In Portuguese
chicória
castanea americana
In Polish
cykoria
Kasztan amerykański
In Latin
pancratium
English castaneis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Fagales
Family
Asteraceae
Fagaceae
Genus
Cichorium
Castanea
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Cichorieae
-
Subfamily
Cichorioideae
-
Number of Species
858
1
27800
👆🏻