Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Shrub
Tree
Origin
Texas, Mexico
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
-3
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Semi desert, shade of desert, Shaded sites
bottomlands, Depression on prairies, ditches, Floodplains, Riverbanks, stream banks, Swamps
USDA Hardiness Zone
10-134-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-9
9-1
Sunset Zone
23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
45.70 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
90.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Light Pink
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Pink
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Gray Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Gray Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Gray Green
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
Gray Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
-
Oval with a pointed tip and fine teeth along their edges
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Very Slow
Fast
Type of Soil
Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Spring
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Dry Conditions
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Divison, Rooted stem cutting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the Soil well drained, occasional watering once established
Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Shape and thin as needed
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, No need to fertilize every year
Pests and Diseases
Pests and diseases free
Aphids, Red blotch, Sawfly Larvae
Plant Tolerance
Dry Conditions
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
-
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
-
Allergy
-
Asthma
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Borders, Slopes hedging
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Making cosmetics, Moisturizing
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Erosion control, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Eczema
-
Part of Plant Used
wax
Whole plant
Other Uses
Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc.
used for making roof trusses, poles, joists, piles, Used in construction, Used in Furniture
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Rock Garden, Wall, Wildflower
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
EUPHORBIA antisyphilitica
BETULA nigra
Common Name
wax plant
River Birch
In Hindi
Candelilla
River Birch
In German
candelilla
Fluss Birch
In French
candelilla
Birch river
In Spanish
candelilla
river Birch
In Greek
candelilla
ποταμός Birch
In Portuguese
candelilla
river Birch
In Polish
candelilla
Rzeka Birch
In Latin
candelilla
Betula
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Euphorbiales
Fagales
Family
Euphorbiaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Euphorbia
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
-3
1
27800
👆🏻