Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Grass
Tree
Origin
Southern Asia, India
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
503
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Warmer regions
bottomlands, Depression on prairies, ditches, Floodplains, Riverbanks, stream banks, Swamps
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-114-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
11- 6
9-1
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Mat-forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
40.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
302.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Gray Green, Dark Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Gray Green, Dark Green
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
Gray Green, Dark Green, Tan
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Arrowhead
Oval with a pointed tip and fine teeth along their edges
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Indeterminate
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Salt, Soil Compaction
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs
Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
-
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Shape and thin as needed
Fertilizers
Apply 3-1-2 or 4-1-2 ratio, Nitrogen
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, No need to fertilize every year
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Red blotch, Sawfly Larvae
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Salt, Soil Compaction
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Flying insects, Insects
-
Allergy
breathing problems, Eye irritation, Hives, Itchiness, Runny nose, sneezing, Throat itching, Whooping Cough
Asthma
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Ground Cover, Landscape Designing
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Skin irritation, Skin Problems
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Prevent Soil Erosion, soil stabilisation
Erosion control, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cures constipation, Cures foot fissures, Digestive disorders, Eliminate toxins, Fatigue, Halitosis, Improves Breast milk production, Increase red blood cells, Insomnia
-
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Stem
Whole plant
Other Uses
Animal Feed, Cattle Fodder, Used as Ornamental plant
used for making roof trusses, poles, joists, piles, Used in construction, Used in Furniture
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Lawns and Turf
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
CYNODON dactylon
BETULA nigra
Common Name
Bermuda Grass
River Birch
In Hindi
बरमूडा घास
River Birch
In German
Bermuda Gras
Fluss Birch
In French
l'herbe des Bermudes
Birch river
In Spanish
Grama
river Birch
In Greek
Αγριάδα
ποταμός Birch
In Portuguese
grama Bermuda
river Birch
In Polish
Trawa Bermuda
Rzeka Birch
In Latin
Bermuda Grass
Betula
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Liliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Cyperales
Fagales
Family
Poaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Cynodon Rich
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Commelinids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Chlorideae
-
Subfamily
Chloridoideae
-
Number of Species
23
1
27800
👆🏻