Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Tree
Palm or Cycad
Origin
Africa, South-Eastern Asia
South Africa
Types
Terminalia arjuna
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
Number of Varieties
166
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Subtropical forests, Tropical regions
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-99-12
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9 - 5
12-8
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
300.00 cm290.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
45.70 cm240.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Pale Yellow, Yellow green
-
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green, Light Green
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Light Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Brown, Light Yellow, Tan
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs less watering
Needs very little water
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Downy mildew, Purple Blotch, Red blotch
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Bold
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bees, Flies, pollinators
Birds
Allergy
conjunctivitis, sneezing
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Making cosmetics
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Soil protection
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cardiovascular problems, Detoxifies lever, Diabetes, Dysentry, Jaundice, Menstrual Disorders
-
Part of Plant Used
Inner Bark, Leaf Stalks
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Other Uses
Can be made into a herbal tea, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used as a fodder tree in agricultural areas
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Dried Flower/Everlasting, Lawns and Turf, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
Botanical Name
Terminalia arjuna
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
Common Name
Arjuna
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
In Hindi
अर्जुन वृक्ष
Bread Tree
In German
Terminalia arjuna
Brotbaum
In French
Terminalia arjuna
Bread Arbre
In Spanish
Migdałecznik arjuna
Árbol del pan
In Greek
arjuna
ψωμί Δέντρο
In Portuguese
Migdałecznik arjuna
Árvore de pão
In Polish
Migdałecznik arjuna
chleb Drzewo
In Latin
arjuna
panis ligno
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
-
Equisetopsida
Order
Myrtales
Cycadales
Family
Poaceae
Cycadaceae
Genus
Terminilia
Encephalartos
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
10066
1
27800
👆🏻