Hybrid origin, China
Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa, Western Asia
Cold Regions, Loamy soils
Damp shady woods, Hedgebanks, Mediterranean region
H1, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
21,22