Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa, Western Asia
North America, Mexico, Central America
Damp shady woods, Hedgebanks, Mediterranean region
Loamy soils, Moist Soils, Subtropical climates
21,22
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24