Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Fruits, Trees
Tree
Origin
Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tropical Indomalaya
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
Feronia limonia, Limonia acidissima
-
Number of Varieties
13
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Dry areas
bottomlands, Depression on prairies, ditches, Floodplains, Riverbanks, stream banks, Swamps
USDA Hardiness Zone
-99994-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9-1
Sunset Zone
-
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
-
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
800.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
900.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Greyish Brown, Light Green
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
Gray Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Oval with a pointed tip and fine teeth along their edges
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Autumn
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Rich
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Fall
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Budding, Layering, root cutting, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do not water excessively
Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Rich
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune after harvesting, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Shape and thin as needed
Fertilizers
for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, No need to fertilize every year
Pests and Diseases
-
Aphids, Red blotch, Sawfly Larvae
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
-
Allergy
Gastric
Asthma
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good Cleanser
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
-
Erosion control, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Blood cleanser, Diabetes, Ear ache, Energy, Kidney problems, Liver Protection, Malaria, Respiratory Disorders, Snakebite
-
Part of Plant Used
Fruits
Whole plant
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used for its medicinal properties
used for making roof trusses, poles, joists, piles, Used in construction, Used in Furniture
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edible, Fruit Tree
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Limonia acidissima
BETULA nigra
Common Name
Wood apple, monkey fruit, curd fruit
River Birch
In Hindi
कबिट
River Birch
In German
Indischer Holzapfel
Fluss Birch
In French
Kawista
Birch river
In Spanish
Kawista
river Birch
In Greek
γλυκό ασβέστη
ποταμός Birch
In Portuguese
Limonia
river Birch
In Polish
Feronia słoniowa
Rzeka Birch
In Latin
dulcis ad cinerem
Betula
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Sapindales
Fagales
Family
Rutaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Limonia
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Citreae
-
Subfamily
Aurantioideae
-
Number of Species
13
1
27800
👆🏻