Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Perennial
Tree
Origin
North America, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas, Canada
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
Monarda fistulosa brevis, Monarda fistulosa fistulosa, Monarda fistulosa mollis
Yellow Birch, Paper Birch, River Birch
Number of Varieties
840
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Thickets, Woodland edges
Hills, Moist Soils
USDA Hardiness Zone
-99994-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
90.00 cm2,133.60 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
45.70 cm762.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
-
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
-
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
-
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Lance shaped
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
-
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Heat Tolerance, Sun
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Medium
Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season, Water Deeply, Water more frequently during periods of extreme drought
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves, Remove deadheads
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove hanging branches
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize twice a year, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
Powdery mildew, Rust
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Heat Tolerance, Sun
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
-
Medium
Foliage Sheen
-
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bees, Hummingbirds
Ants, Aphids, Birds
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
Skin inflammation, Skin Problems
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antiseptic, Carminative, Diaphoretic, Diuretic, Gastrointestinal disorders
Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, Arthritis, Boils, bowel syndrome, Combats Stress, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Heart problems, Kidney Stones, Osteoarthritis, Skin Disorders, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves, Stem
Bark, Leaves, Sap
Other Uses
Added to salads, Used as a flavouring in food, Used as a potherb, Used as Ornamental plant
Medicinal oil, Used as essential oil
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Cutflower, Edible, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
MONARDA fistulosa
BETULA nigra 'Studetec'
Common Name
Wild Bergamot, bee balm
Black Birch, River Birch, Tecumseh Compact River Birch
In Hindi
Wild Bergamot
काले बर्च वृक्ष
In German
Wilde Bergamotte
Schwarze Birke
In French
bergamote sauvage
Noir Bouleau
In Spanish
bergamota silvestre
Negro del árbol de abedul
In Greek
άγρια Περγαμόντο
Μαύρο Birch Tree
In Portuguese
Bergamota selvagem
Bétula Preto
In Polish
Dziki Bergamot
Czarny Brzoza
In Latin
Wild Bergamot
Niger Caerulus
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Lamiales
Fagales
Family
Lamiaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Monarda
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Mentheae
-
Subfamily
Nepetoideae
-
Number of Species
2140
1
27800
👆🏻