Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Flowering Plants, Fruits, Herbs, Shrubs
Origin
Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Canada
Australia, South America
Types
Eastern White Cedar, Northern White Cedar, Arborvitae
Adams Elderberry, Black Beauty Elderberry, Black Lace Elderberry, Johns Elderberry, Nova Elderberry
Number of Varieties
120
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Dry areas, Lake Sides, riparian zones, Slopes, Upland
Farms, Homesteads, Near organic waste disposal
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-74-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 15, 16, 17, 21, 22, 23, 24
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Pyramidal
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
90.00 cm9.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
90.00 cm8.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Yellow Brown
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Brownish Red, Red
Purple, Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Yellow green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Dark Green, Brown
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Scale-like imbricate
Compound
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Early Spring
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Part sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Slightly Acidic
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Spring
Early Spring, Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Pollution
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Grafting, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Drought Tolerant, Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires regular watering
Requires regular watering, Use Mulches to help prevent water loss during hot and windy weather
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Slightly Acidic
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Part sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune in winter, Prune ocassionally, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Citrus leaf miner, Drought, Edema, Gray mold
Canker, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew, Stem spot, Tomato Ringspot Virus
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
Anaphylaxis, Hives, Itchy eyes, Red eyes, Runny nose, Skin rash, sneezing, Watery eyes
Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
anti rheumatic, Astringent, Diuretic, Expectorant, Tonic
constipation, Fever, Heart problems, High cholestrol, HIV/AIDS, Nerve pain, swine flu
Part of Plant Used
Bark, extracted oil, Leaves, Twigs
Flowers, Fruits
Other Uses
Medicinal oil, Used as firewood, Used in herbal medicines, Used in Homeopathy
-
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Hedges, Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break
-
Botanical Name
THUJA occidentalis
Sambucus nigra
Common Name
northern white cedar, swamp cedar, false white ceda
Elderberry
In Hindi
Thuja occidentalis
Elderberry
In German
Abendländischer Lebensbaum
Holunderbeere
In French
Thuya occidental
Sureau
In Spanish
Tuya del Canadá
Saúco
In Greek
Thuja occidentalis
Elderberry
In Portuguese
Thuja occidentalis
Sabugueiro
In Polish
Żywotnik_zachodni
Bez czarny
In Latin
Thuja occidentalis
Elderberry
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Pinopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Pinales
Dipsacales
Family
Cupressaceae
Adoxaceae
Genus
Thuja
Sambucus
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
530
1
27800
👆🏻