Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Aquatics
Tree
Origin
Australia
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
Marsilea quadrifolia, Marsilea hirsuta
Yellow Birch, Paper Birch, River Birch
Number of Varieties
440
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Bog Garden, Cultivated Beds
Hills, Moist Soils
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-114-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-9
9-1
Sunset Zone
21,22
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Mat-forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
10.20 cm2,133.60 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.00 cm762.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Light Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Four wedge-shaped leaflets
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Poorly Drained
Average
Bloom Time
-
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Spores
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs very little water
Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season, Water Deeply, Water more frequently during periods of extreme drought
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Poorly Drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove hanging branches
Fertilizers
Organic Manure
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize twice a year, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Clover Clot
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
-
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Frogs
Ants, Aphids, Birds
Allergy
Beriberi, Toxic
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Ground Cover
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Astringent
Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, Arthritis, Boils, bowel syndrome, Combats Stress, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Heart problems, Kidney Stones, Osteoarthritis, Skin Disorders, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Seeds, Spores
Bark, Leaves, Sap
Other Uses
Used like flour, Used to make dough
Medicinal oil, Used as essential oil
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Houseplant, Tropical, Water Gardens
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
MARSILEA drummondii
BETULA nigra 'Studetec'
Common Name
Common Nardoo, Pepperwort, Water Clover
Black Birch, River Birch, Tecumseh Compact River Birch
In Hindi
Water Clover
काले बर्च वृक्ष
In German
Wasser Klee
Schwarze Birke
In French
Eau Clover
Noir Bouleau
In Spanish
Agua trébol
Negro del árbol de abedul
In Greek
νερό Clover
Μαύρο Birch Tree
In Portuguese
Clover água
Bétula Preto
In Polish
Woda Clover
Czarny Brzoza
In Latin
Trifolium aqua
Niger Caerulus
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Pteridophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Filicopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Hydropteridales
Fagales
Family
Marsileaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Marsilea
Betula
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
440
1
27800
👆🏻