Life Span
Annual and Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tender Perennial
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
Origin
Southern Europe, Mediterranean
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
Types
Erysimum cheiri
Red pepper, Orange pepper
Number of Varieties
507
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
gardens, Grassland, Prairies
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
7-98-15
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-7
12 - 1
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Mat-forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.50 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.50 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Blue, Lavender
Lemon yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green
Red, Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Gray Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Gray Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Gray Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Linear
Circular cordate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Allow soil to be completely dry in between waterings, Water Deeply, Water less during winter
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Do not prune during shooting season, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune prior to new growth, Remove deadheads
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Fertilizers
No fertilizers needed
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
Pests and Diseases
fungus, Insects, Red blotch
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Flowers
Showy
-
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bees, Birds, Butterflies
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
Allergy
Skin irritation
Oral Allergy
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Showy Purposes
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
Beauty Benefits
-
Acne, Blackheads
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Dried seeds
Other Uses
Showy Purposes
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Alpine, Container, Edging, Foundation, Groundcover, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
Botanical Name
ERYSIMUM linifolium
Piper nigrum
Common Name
Wallflower
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
In Hindi
wallflower
काली मिर्च
In German
Goldlack
Pfeffer
In French
giroflée and ravenelle
Piper nigrum
In Spanish
Alhelí
Poivrier noir
In Greek
Μη χορεύων θεατής χορού
μαύρο πιπέρι
In Portuguese
goivo-amarelo
Pimenta-preta
In Polish
Lak
Pieprz czarny
In Latin
Wallflower
nigrum piperis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Brassicales
Piperales
Family
Brassicaceae
Piperaceae
Genus
Erysimum
Piper
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Monocots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
751100
1
27800
👆🏻