1 What is
1.1 Life Span
1.2 Type
1.3 Origin
America, Europe
Europe, Western Asia
1.4 Types
Clump verbena, Moss verbena, Annual Verbena, Brazilian verbena, Sandpaper Verbana
Euonymus fortunei, Euonymus alatus, Euonymus europaeus
1.4.1 Number of Varieties
1.5 Habitat
Forest edges, Hillside, Woods
Dappled Shade, Shady Edge, Sunny Edge, Woodland Garden
1.6 USDA Hardiness Zone
1.7 AHS Heat Zone
1.8 Sunset Zone
not available
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16
1.9 Habit
Not Available
Upright/Erect
2 Information
2.1 Plant Size
2.1.1 Minimum Height
6.56 cm370.00 cm
0.54
3900
2.1.2 Minimum Width
10.50 cm900.00 cm
0.1
6350
2.2 Plant Color
2.2.1 Flower Color
Blue, Dark Purple, Light Purple, Red, White
Yellow green
2.2.2 Flower Color Modifier
Not Available
Not Available
2.2.3 Fruit Color
Not Available
Pink, Purple, Red
2.2.4 Leaf Color in Spring
2.2.5 Leaf Color in Summer
2.2.6 Leaf Color in Fall
2.2.7 Leaf Color in Winter
Not Available
Not Available
2.3 Shape
2.3.1 Leaf Shape
Oblovate
Lanceolate to elliptical
2.4 Thorns
3 Season
3.1 Plant Season
Early Spring, Late Autumn
Fall
3.2 Growing Conditions
3.2.1 Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
3.2.2 Growth Rate
3.2.3 Type of Soil
Well drained
Clay, Loam, Sand
3.2.4 The pH of Soil
Neutral, Slightly Acidic
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
3.2.5 Soil Drainage
3.2.6 Bloom Time
Early Fall, Early Summer, Fall, Late Spring, Late Summer, Summer
Late Spring
3.2.7 Repeat Bloomer
3.3 Tolerances
4 Care
4.1 Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground, Pot
4.2 How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Cuttings, Seedlings
4.3 Plant Maintenance
4.4 Watering Plants
4.4.1 Watering Requirements
Do not water frequently, Medium, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water
4.4.2 In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
4.4.3 In Spring
4.4.4 In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
4.5 Soil
4.5.1 Soil pH
Neutral, Slightly Acidic
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
4.5.2 Soil Type
Well drained
Clay, Loam, Sand
4.5.3 Soil Drainage Capacity
4.6 Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
4.7 Pruning
Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune lower leaves, Prune regularly, Prune to control growth
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
4.8 Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
organic fertlizers
4.9 Pests and Diseases
Not Available
Powdery mildew, Vine weevils
4.10 Plant Tolerance
5 Facts
5.1 Flowers
5.1.1 Flower Petal Number
5.2 Fruits
5.2.1 Showy Fruit
5.2.2 Edible Fruit
5.3 Fragrance
5.3.1 Fragrant Flower
5.3.2 Fragrant Fruit
5.3.3 Fragrant Leaf
5.3.4 Fragrant Bark/Stem
5.4 Showy Foliage
5.5 Showy Bark
5.6 Foliage Texture
5.7 Foliage Sheen
5.8 Evergreen
5.9 Invasive
5.10 Self-Sowing
5.11 Attracts
5.12 Allergy
Arthritis, Asthma, Chest Pain, Itchiness, Whooping Cough
Mild Allergen
6 Benefits
6.1 Uses
6.1.1 Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
6.1.2 Beauty Benefits
Not Available
Not Available
6.1.3 Edible Uses
6.1.4 Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
6.2 Plant Benefits
6.2.1 Medicinal Uses
Arthritis, Gallbladder Diseases, Itching, Jaundice, Joint pain, Kidney problems, Liver problems, Metabolic disorders, Sore throat, Upset stomach, Urinary tract problems
Alterative, Hepatic, Laxative, Purgative, Tonic
6.2.2 Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Root
Bark, Seeds, Wood
6.2.3 Other Uses
Air freshner, Can be made into a herbal tea, Cosmetics, Decoration Purposes, Economic Purpose, Employed in herbal medicine, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc., Showy Purposes, Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for flavoring in Liquors, dairy products, gelatins,puddings, meats, candies, etc., Used for fragrance
Edible yellow dye is obtained, Used as essential oil, Yields a volatile oil that is used in soap making
6.3 Used As Indoor Plant
6.4 Used As Outdoor Plant
6.5 Garden Design
Bedding Plant, Bonsai, Container, Edible, Herb
Hedges, Screening, Wind Break
7 Scientific Name
7.1 Botanical Name
Purpletop Vervain
EUONYMUS europaeus 'Aldenhamensis'
7.2 Common Name
Verbena
Spindle Tree, Common Spindle, European Spindle
7.2.1 In Hindi
7.2.2 In German
7.2.3 In French
7.2.4 In Spanish
Verbena
Árbol del husillo
7.2.5 In Greek
7.2.6 In Portuguese
7.2.7 In Polish
7.2.8 In Latin
8 Classification
8.1 Kingdom
8.2 Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
8.3 Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
8.4 Order
8.5 Family
8.6 Genus
8.7 Clade
Not Available
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
8.8 Tribe
8.9 Subfamily
Not Available
Celastroideae
8.10 Number of Species