Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Origin
North America, Northern Europe, Russia, Siberia
Northeastern United States, North-Central United States, Alaska, Canada
Types
-
Oriental spruce, Bog spruce, Weeping spruce
Number of Varieties
18
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Open areas, pine woods
Moist Soils, Slopes, Swamps, Well Drained
USDA Hardiness Zone
2-61-6
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
6-1
6-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 4, 5, 6, 14, 15, 16, 17
A1, A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7
Habit
Mat-forming
Narrow Upright/Fastigiate
Plant Size
Minimum Height
510.00 cm3,000.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.00 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Light Pink
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Pink
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Sea Green, Blue Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Blue Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Blue Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Blue Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Needle like
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Slow
Type of Soil
Loam
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Spring, Early Summer
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Pinch Tips, Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bees, Flies, Insects
Birds
Allergy
-
Dermatitis
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Ground Cover
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Shadow Tree
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Headache, Mildly painful menstruation, tonic in pregnancy
anti-inflammatory, Disinfectant, Kidney problems, Odontalgic, Poultice, Salve, Stomachic, tuberculosis, Vulnerary
Part of Plant Used
Leaves
Flowers, Inner Bark, Seeds
Other Uses
useful as a ground cover
Disinfectant, Gum, Paper pulp, Pitch, String, Used as a dye, Used in paper industry, Waterproofing
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edging, Groundcover, Wildflower
Bog Garden, Screening, Wind Break
Botanical Name
LINNAEA borealis
PICEA mariana
Common Name
Twinflower
Black Spruce, Bog Spruce, Swamp Spruce
In Hindi
Twinflower
Black Spruce Tree
In German
Twinflower
Schwarz Fichte
In French
Twinflower
Noir Épicéa
In Spanish
Twinflower
Negro árbol de abeto
In Greek
Twinflower
Μαύρο Spruce Tree
In Portuguese
Twinflower
Árvore Spruce Preto
In Polish
zimoziół
Czarny Świerk Drzewo
In Latin
Twinflower
Niger abiegnis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Coniferophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Pinopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Pinales
Family
Caprifoliaceae
Pinaceae
Genus
Linnaea
Picea
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
-
Tribe
Linnaeeae
-
Subfamily
Linnaeoideae
Pinoideae
Number of Species
135
1
27800
👆🏻