Life Span
Annual or Biennial
Perennial
Type
Vegetable
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Europe
Europe, Russia
Types
Amber globe, Baby bunch turnips, Purple top
Symphytum officinale (common comfrey), Symphytum asperum (rough comfrey)
Number of Varieties
302
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Fields, Vegetable Gardens
Cold Regions, stream banks
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-116-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-3
-
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
21,22
Habit
Rosette/Stemless
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
25.40 cm20.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
20.30 cm90.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
White, Light Pink
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Sienna, Black
Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Red, Green, Copper
Leaf Color in Summer
White, Green, Dark Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Fall
White, Green, Dark Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Winter
White, Green, Dark Green
Red, Dark Green, Burgundy, Bronze
Shape
Leaf Shape
Long Broad
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Root Division, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Water daily during growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, can go long without fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Alternaria Leaf Spot, Anthracnose, Cercospora leaf spot, Downy mildew
Aphids, Stem spot
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Shallow soil, Sun
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
-
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Beet armyworms, Caterpillar, white worms
Ants, Butterflies, pollinators
Allergy
angioedema, Oral Allergy, Urticaria
Antibacterial, Peripheral Edema
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin and hair
Acne, Beautiful Skin, Reduce Bruises, Remove blemishes
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Fixes Nitrogen
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Bone strength, Cancer, Cardiovascular problems, Lung Problems
Asthma, Diarrhea, Obesity, Osteoarthritis
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Shoots
Leaves, Twigs
Other Uses
Food for animals, Used as a vegetable, Used in salads
Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Mixed Border, Tropical
Botanical Name
BRASSICA rapa 'Hakurei'
Symphytum asperum
Common Name
Turnip
Comfrey,Black Root, Blackwort, Bruisewort
In Hindi
शलजम
Blackwort
In German
Rübe
Blackwort
In French
Navet
Blackwort
In Spanish
Nabo
Blackwort
In Greek
Γογγύλι
Blackwort
In Portuguese
Nabo
Blackwort
In Polish
Rzepa
Blackwort
In Latin
rapa
Blackwort
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Brassicales
Lamiales
Family
Brassicaceae
Boraginaceae
Genus
Brassica
Symphytum
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Brassiceae
-
Subfamily
-
Boraginoideae
Number of Species
-35
1
27800
👆🏻