Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Tree
Origin
United States, Canada, Mexico
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
153
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Bluffs, Woods
bottomlands, Depression on prairies, ditches, Floodplains, Riverbanks, stream banks, Swamps
USDA Hardiness Zone
-99994-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
-
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
60.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
45.70 cm1,220.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
-
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
-
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
-
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Lanceolate to elliptical
Oval with a pointed tip and fine teeth along their edges
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
-
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Cold climate, Dry Conditions
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Root Division, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Medium
Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Shape and thin as needed
Fertilizers
Water soluble fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, No need to fertilize every year
Pests and Diseases
Foliage diseases
Aphids, Red blotch, Sawfly Larvae
Plant Tolerance
Cold climate, Dry Conditions
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
-
Medium
Foliage Sheen
-
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
-
Allergy
-
Asthma
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Wildlife
Erosion control, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Blood cleanser, Rheumatism
-
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves, Shoots
Whole plant
Other Uses
Tea-like beverage can be brewed, Used as Ornamental plant
used for making roof trusses, poles, joists, piles, Used in construction, Used in Furniture
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Groundcover, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Maianthemum racemosum
BETULA nigra
Common Name
Treacleberry, feathery false lily of the valley, false Solomon's seal, Solomon's plume, false spikenard
River Birch
In Hindi
Treacleberry
River Birch
In German
Treacleberry
Fluss Birch
In French
Treacleberry
Birch river
In Spanish
Treacleberry
river Birch
In Greek
Treacleberry
ποταμός Birch
In Portuguese
Treacleberry
river Birch
In Polish
Treacleberry
Rzeka Birch
In Latin
Treacleberry
Betula
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Liliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Liliales
Fagales
Family
Liliaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Maianthemum
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Asparagales, Monocots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Nolinoideae
-
Number of Species
393
1
27800
👆🏻