Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
Tree
Origin
California
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas
Types
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Quercus phellos, Quercus nigra
Number of Varieties
355
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
Hot climate regions, low mountains, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-106-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9-3
Sunset Zone
21,22
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
120.00 cm910.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Red, Light Green, Chartreuse
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Orange Red
Tan, Chocolate
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Dark Green
Yellow, Orange, Sandy Brown
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Irregular
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer
Spring, Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Grafting, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Does not require lot of watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
-
cut main flower spike, Prune every year, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Bonemeal, fertilize in growing season
Pests and Diseases
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Azalea leaf gall, Fusarium leaf spot, Leaf rust, Mildew
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
Acidic
Eczema, Rhinitis, Runny nose
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification
Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Blood purifying, Reduce Bruises, Weightloss
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Erosion control
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Gout, Obesity, Snoring
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Leaves
Bark, Stem
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Animal Feed, Biodiesel, Recovering internal injuries
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Shade Trees, Street Trees
Botanical Name
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
QUERCUS phellos
Common Name
Christmas Berry, California Holly
Willow Oak
In Hindi
Toyon
Overcup ओक
In German
Toyon
Overcup Oak
In French
Toyon
Overcup Oak
In Spanish
Toyon
Overcup Roble
In Greek
Toyon
Overcup Oak
In Portuguese
Toyon
Overcup Oak
In Polish
Toyon
Overcup Dąb
In Latin
Toyon
Oryza
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
-
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Fagales
Family
Rosaceae
Fagaceae
Genus
Heteromeles
Quercus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Maleae
-
Subfamily
Amygdaloideae
Amaryllidoideae
Number of Species
6400
1
27800
👆🏻